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science [2026/02/12 11:08] – hjbscience [2026/02/14 18:11] (current) – hjb
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-<html> +<html><h1>Science</h1></html> 
-<div style="text-align:center;"><span style="font-size:24px; font-weight:700; color:#fb923c; letter-spacing:1px; text-decoration:underline;">Science</span></div> +
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-<html lang="en"> +<div id="ks4-wotd-wrap">
-<head> +
-  <meta charset="UTF-8" /> +
-  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" /> +
-  <title>KS4 Science Word of the Day</title>+
   <style>   <style>
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-      padding:24px; +
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     /* Biology theme */     /* Biology theme */
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-    .bio h2, .bio p{ color:#065f46; }+    #ks4-wotd-wrap .bio h2, #ks4-wotd-wrap .bio p{ color:#065f46; }
  
     /* Chemistry theme */     /* Chemistry theme */
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   </style>   </style>
-</head> 
-<body> 
-  <div class="wrap"> 
-    <div class="title">KS4 Science Word of the Day</div> 
  
-    <div class="grid"> +  <div class="grid"> 
-      <div class="card bio"> +    <div class="card bio"> 
-        <div class="pill">Biology · Word of the Day</div> +      <div class="pill">Biology · Word of the Day</div> 
-        <h2 id="bioWord">Diffusion</h2> +      <h2 id="bioWord">Diffusion</h2> 
-        <p id="bioDefinition"><strong>Definition:</strong> The net movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.</p> +      <p id="bioDefinition"><strong>Definition:</strong> The net movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.</p> 
-      </div>+    </div>
  
-      <div class="card chem"> +    <div class="card chem"> 
-        <div class="pill">Chemistry · Word of the Day</div> +      <div class="pill">Chemistry · Word of the Day</div> 
-        <h2 id="chemWord">Atom</h2> +      <h2 id="chemWord">Atom</h2> 
-        <p id="chemDefinition"><strong>Definition:</strong> The smallest part of an element that can exist and still shows that element’s chemical properties.</p> +      <p id="chemDefinition"><strong>Definition:</strong> The smallest part of an element that can exist and still shows that element’s chemical properties.</p> 
-      </div>+    </div>
  
-      <div class="card phys"> +    <div class="card phys"> 
-        <div class="pill">Physics · Word of the Day</div> +      <div class="pill">Physics · Word of the Day</div> 
-        <h2 id="physWord">Velocity</h2> +      <h2 id="physWord">Velocity</h2> 
-        <p id="physDefinition"><strong>Definition:</strong> Speed in a given direction.</p> +      <p id="physDefinition"><strong>Definition:</strong> Speed in a given direction.</p>
-      </div>+
     </div>     </div>
   </div>   </div>
 +</div>
  
-  <script> +<script> 
-    const biologyWords = [ +(function(){ 
-      { word: "Diffusion", definition: "The net movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration." }, +  const biologyWords = [ 
-      { word: "Osmosis", definition: "The net movement of water molecules across a partially permeable membrane from high water concentration to low water concentration." }, +    { word: "Diffusion", definition: "The net movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration." }, 
-      { word: "Active transport", definition: "The movement of particles from a low concentration to a high concentration, using energy from respiration." }, +    { word: "Osmosis", definition: "The net movement of water molecules across a partially permeable membrane from high water concentration to low water concentration." }, 
-      { word: "Respiration", definition: "A chemical process in cells that releases energy from glucose." }, +    { word: "Active transport", definition: "The movement of particles from a low concentration to a high concentration, using energy from respiration." }, 
-      { word: "Photosynthesis", definition: "The process by which green plants use light energy to make glucose from carbon dioxide and water." }, +    { word: "Respiration", definition: "A chemical process in cells that releases energy from glucose." }, 
-      { word: "Enzyme", definition: "A protein that acts as a biological catalyst, speeding up chemical reactions in living organisms." }, +    { word: "Photosynthesis", definition: "The process by which green plants use light energy to make glucose from carbon dioxide and water." }, 
-      { word: "Homeostasis", definition: "The regulation of internal conditions to maintain stable, optimum conditions." }, +    { word: "Enzyme", definition: "A protein that acts as a biological catalyst, speeding up chemical reactions in living organisms." }, 
-      { word: "Mutation", definition: "A random change in the DNA sequence of a gene." }, +    { word: "Homeostasis", definition: "The regulation of internal conditions to maintain stable, optimum conditions." }, 
-      { word: "Chromosome", definition: "A thread-like structure of DNA in the nucleus that carries genetic information." }, +    { word: "Mutation", definition: "A random change in the DNA sequence of a gene." }, 
-      { word: "Allele", definition: "A different version of the same gene." } +    { word: "Chromosome", definition: "A thread-like structure of DNA in the nucleus that carries genetic information." }, 
-    ];+    { word: "Allele", definition: "A different version of the same gene." }, 
 +    { word: "Gene", definition: "A section of DNA that codes for a specific protein or characteristic." }, 
 +    { word: "DNA", definition: "The molecule that carries genetic instructions in living organisms." }, 
 +    { word: "Nucleus", definition: "The part of a cell that contains genetic material." }, 
 +    { word: "Cell membrane", definition: "A selectively permeable barrier that controls what enters and leaves the cell." }, 
 +    { word: "Cytoplasm", definition: "The jelly-like material in a cell where many chemical reactions occur." }, 
 +    { word: "Mitochondria", definition: "Cell structures where aerobic respiration takes place." }, 
 +    { word: "Ribosome", definition: "A cell structure where proteins are made." }, 
 +    { word: "Tissue", definition: "A group of similar cells that work together to carry out a specific function." }, 
 +    { word: "Organ", definition: "A structure made of different tissues working together." }, 
 +    { word: "Organ system", definition: "A group of organs working together to perform a major body function." }, 
 +    { word: "Pathogen", definition: "A microorganism that causes disease." }, 
 +    { word: "Antibody", definition: "A protein produced by white blood cells that targets specific antigens." }, 
 +    { word: "Antigen", definition: "A molecule on a pathogen that triggers an immune response." }, 
 +    { word: "Vaccine", definition: "A substance that stimulates the immune system to provide protection against disease." }, 
 +    { word: "Ecosystem", definition: "A community of organisms and the physical environment they interact with." }, 
 +    { word: "Food chain", definition: "A sequence showing how energy is transferred by eating and being eaten." }, 
 +    { word: "Biodiversity", definition: "The variety of different species in an area." }, 
 +    { word: "Natural selection", definition: "The process where organisms with advantageous traits are more likely to survive and reproduce." }, 
 +    { word: "Adaptation", definition: "A feature that helps an organism survive in its environment." }, 
 +    { word: "Extinction", definition: "The permanent loss of a species when no individuals remain." } 
 +  ];
  
-    const chemistryWords = [ +  const chemistryWords = [ 
-      { word: "Atom", definition: "The smallest part of an element that can exist and still shows that element’s chemical properties." }, +    { word: "Atom", definition: "The smallest part of an element that can exist and still shows that element’s chemical properties." }, 
-      { word: "Isotope", definition: "Atoms of the same element with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons." }, +    { word: "Isotope", definition: "Atoms of the same element with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons." }, 
-      { word: "Ion", definition: "An atom or group of atoms with an overall electric charge." }, +    { word: "Ion", definition: "An atom or group of atoms with an overall electric charge." }, 
-      { word: "Covalent bond", definition: "A bond formed when atoms share pairs of electrons." }, +    { word: "Covalent bond", definition: "A bond formed when atoms share pairs of electrons." }, 
-      { word: "Ionic bond", definition: "The electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions." }, +    { word: "Ionic bond", definition: "The electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions." }, 
-      { word: "Acid", definition: "A substance that produces hydrogen ions (H+) in aqueous solution." }, +    { word: "Acid", definition: "A substance that produces hydrogen ions (H+) in aqueous solution." }, 
-      { word: "Alkali", definition: "A soluble base that produces hydroxide ions (OH−) in water." }, +    { word: "Alkali", definition: "A soluble base that produces hydroxide ions (OH−) in water." }, 
-      { word: "Neutralisation", definition: "A reaction between an acid and a base that produces salt and water." }, +    { word: "Neutralisation", definition: "A reaction between an acid and a base that produces salt and water." }, 
-      { word: "Electrolysis", definition: "The decomposition of an ionic compound by passing an electric current through it." }, +    { word: "Electrolysis", definition: "The decomposition of an ionic compound by passing an electric current through it." }, 
-      { word: "Catalyst", definition: "A substance that increases the rate of a reaction without being used up." } +    { word: "Catalyst", definition: "A substance that increases the rate of a reaction without being used up." }, 
-    ];+    { word: "Element", definition: "A pure substance made of only one type of atom." }, 
 +    { word: "Compound", definition: "A substance formed when two or more different elements are chemically bonded." }, 
 +    { word: "Mixture", definition: "Two or more substances physically combined, not chemically bonded." }, 
 +    { word: "Molecule", definition: "Two or more atoms covalently bonded together." }, 
 +    { word: "Polymer", definition: "A large molecule made from many repeating small units called monomers." }, 
 +    { word: "Monomer", definition: "A small molecule that can bond to other similar molecules to form a polymer." }, 
 +    { word: "Hydrocarbon", definition: "A compound containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms." }, 
 +    { word: "Alkane", definition: "A saturated hydrocarbon containing only single carbon-carbon bonds." }, 
 +    { word: "Alkene", definition: "An unsaturated hydrocarbon containing at least one carbon-carbon double bond." }, 
 +    { word: "Combustion", definition: "A reaction in which a substance burns in oxygen, releasing energy." }, 
 +    { word: "Oxidation", definition: "A reaction in which oxygen is gained or electrons are lost." }, 
 +    { word: "Reduction", definition: "A reaction in which oxygen is lost or electrons are gained." }, 
 +    { word: "Redox", definition: "A reaction where oxidation and reduction happen at the same time." }, 
 +    { word: "Exothermic", definition: "A reaction that transfers energy to the surroundings, usually as heat." }, 
 +    { word: "Endothermic", definition: "A reaction that takes in energy from the surroundings." }, 
 +    { word: "Precipitate", definition: "An insoluble solid formed when two solutions react." }, 
 +    { word: "Concentration", definition: "The amount of solute dissolved in a given volume of solution." }, 
 +    { word: "pH", definition: "A measure of how acidic or alkaline a solution is." }, 
 +    { word: "Relative formula mass", definition: "The sum of the relative atomic masses of all atoms in a formula." }, 
 +    { word: "Avogadro constant", definition: "The number of particles in one mole, equal to 6.02 × 10^23." } 
 +  ];
  
-    const physicsWords = [ +  const physicsWords = [ 
-      { word: "Velocity", definition: "Speed in a given direction." }, +    { word: "Velocity", definition: "Speed in a given direction." }, 
-      { word: "Acceleration", definition: "The rate of change of velocity." }, +    { word: "Acceleration", definition: "The rate of change of velocity." }, 
-      { word: "Resultant force", definition: "The overall force acting on an object after all forces are combined." }, +    { word: "Resultant force", definition: "The overall force acting on an object after all forces are combined." }, 
-      { word: "Momentum", definition: "A measure of motion calculated as mass multiplied by velocity." }, +    { word: "Momentum", definition: "A measure of motion calculated as mass multiplied by velocity." }, 
-      { word: "Power", definition: "The rate at which energy is transferred or work is done." }, +    { word: "Power", definition: "The rate at which energy is transferred or work is done." }, 
-      { word: "Specific heat capacity", definition: "The energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 kg of a substance by 1°C." }, +    { word: "Specific heat capacity", definition: "The energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 kg of a substance by 1°C." }, 
-      { word: "Wavelength", definition: "The distance between one point on a wave and the equivalent point on the next wave." }, +    { word: "Wavelength", definition: "The distance between one point on a wave and the equivalent point on the next wave." }, 
-      { word: "Frequency", definition: "The number of waves passing a point each second." }, +    { word: "Frequency", definition: "The number of waves passing a point each second." }, 
-      { word: "Half-life", definition: "The time taken for the activity or number of unstable nuclei in a sample to halve." }, +    { word: "Half-life", definition: "The time taken for the activity or number of unstable nuclei in a sample to halve." }, 
-      { word: "Current", definition: "The rate of flow of electric charge." } +    { word: "Current", definition: "The rate of flow of electric charge." }, 
-    ];+    { word: "Speed", definition: "Distance travelled per unit time." }, 
 +    { word: "Distance", definition: "How much ground an object has covered." }, 
 +    { word: "Displacement", definition: "The straight-line change in position in a stated direction." }, 
 +    { word: "Scalar", definition: "A quantity with magnitude only." }, 
 +    { word: "Vector", definition: "A quantity with both magnitude and direction." }, 
 +    { word: "Inertia", definition: "The tendency of an object to resist changes in its motion." }, 
 +    { word: "Mass", definition: "A measure of how much matter is in an object." }, 
 +    { word: "Weight", definition: "The force on an object due to gravity." }, 
 +    { word: "Work done", definition: "Energy transferred when a force moves an object through a distance." }, 
 +    { word: "Kinetic energy", definition: "The energy an object has because it is moving." }, 
 +    { word: "Gravitational potential energy", definition: "Energy stored due to an object’s height in a gravitational field." }, 
 +    { word: "Efficiency", definition: "The percentage of input energy transferred usefully." }, 
 +    { word: "Potential difference", definition: "Energy transferred per unit charge between two points in a circuit." }, 
 +    { word: "Resistance", definition: "A measure of how much a component opposes the flow of current." }, 
 +    { word: "Charge", definition: "A property of matter that causes electrical effects, measured in coulombs." }, 
 +    { word: "Transformer", definition: "A device that changes the potential difference in an alternating current circuit." }, 
 +    { word: "Amplitude", definition: "The maximum displacement of a point on a wave from its rest position." }, 
 +    { word: "Refraction", definition: "The change in direction of a wave when it enters a different medium." }, 
 +    { word: "Irradiance", definition: "The power of electromagnetic radiation received per unit area." }, 
 +    { word: "Fission", definition: "The splitting of a large unstable nucleus into smaller nuclei, releasing energy." } 
 +  ];
  
-    const now = new Date(); +  const now = new Date(); 
-    const start = new Date(now.getFullYear(), 0, 1); +  const start = new Date(now.getFullYear(), 0, 1); 
-    const dayOfYear = Math.floor((now - start) / 86400000);+  const dayOfYear = Math.floor((now - start) / 86400000);
  
-    function setWord(prefix, list){ +  function setWord(prefix, list){ 
-      const idx = dayOfYear % list.length; +    const idx = dayOfYear % list.length; 
-      document.getElementById(prefix + 'Word').textContent = list[idx].word; +    const wordEl = document.getElementById(prefix + "Word"); 
-      document.getElementById(prefix + 'Definition').innerHTML = `<strong>Definition:</strong> ${list[idx].definition}`; +    const defEl = document.getElementById(prefix + "Definition"); 
-    }+    if(wordEl) wordEl.textContent = list[idx].word; 
 +    if(defEl) defEl.innerHTML = "<strong>Definition:</strong> " + list[idx].definition; 
 +  }
  
-    setWord('bio', biologyWords); +  setWord("bio", biologyWords); 
-    setWord('chem', chemistryWords); +  setWord("chem", chemistryWords); 
-    setWord('phys', physicsWords); +  setWord("phys", physicsWords); 
-  </script> +})(); 
-</body>+</script>
 </html> </html>
- 
- 
science.1770894515.txt.gz · Last modified: by hjb